Buyers Guide

Choosing Your First Japanese Plane Blade

Japanese plane blades (kanna blades) are the single most demanding sharpening project in woodworking and the single most rewarding. Get the right blade and the right stone system before you start.

14 minIntermediate

Understand the Japanese plane system first

Unlike Western bench planes, a kanna blade is not fastened to its wooden body — it is friction-fit, set by tapping the blade in with a hammer and adjusted by tapping the body. The dai (wooden body) must be conditioned, the sole flattened, and the mouth fitted to the specific blade. This is not a plug-and-play system. Budget three to five hours of preparation before your first shaving. This preparation work is not a bug — it is the practice that teaches you the tool.

Blade steel choices for plane blades

Plane blades are where Shirogami #1 and Aogami Super truly separate themselves from lesser steels. The extremely thin shaving a kanna produces — sometimes sub-micron thickness — demands a keener apex than even the finest chisel work. For a first blade, Shirogami #2 is the pragmatic choice: slightly easier to flatten the ura (hollow back), more forgiving sharpening, and capable of producing mirror edges. As skills develop, Shirogami #1 and then Aogami Super become compelling upgrades.

The ura — the defining feature

Every Japanese blade has a shallow hollow ground into its back face — the ura (裏). This hollow serves two functions: it reduces the contact area that must be flattened on a waterstone, making maintenance faster; and it creates a precise, thin edge apex when the blade is sharpened. As the ura wears through repeated sharpening, it must be periodically refreshed by a process called ura-dashi: carefully softening the hard steel with precise hammer blows to push new steel toward the edge. This skill is the mark of an advanced Japanese plane user.

Budget recommendations

Under $150: Affordable Shirogami #2 production blades from Miki workshops — excellent learning tools. $150–$350: Workshop-quality Shirogami #1 or Aogami #2 blades from reputable producers. The ideal price point for serious beginners. $350–$800: Named workshop blades (Tsunesaburo, Nagahiro) — these are instruments, not just tools. Above $800: Funahiro, Tasai, or Watanabe Waichi — for experienced plane users who have already developed the sharpening skills to unlock what these blades offer.